Environment

Nature has its own rules and it plays its game on its own terms. If there is auto inhibition of spore germination, there is also infection court which requires minimum number of propagaules to cause the disease. If pathogen has to cause infection on a particular host , its the host which provides receptor molecules which are recognised by the pathogen and the host virtually invites pathogen to attack. Nature has compatible and incompatible response i.e. susceptible and resistant hosts to different pathogens. What induces resistance to pathogens- in biotrophic pathogens and necro-trophic…

If anything goes wrong in any part of the world the answer is “ climate change”. It is true in some cases. Supporters of climate change say its true in all cases. However opponents of the climate change theory always try to say it’s not climate change its just a chance that the temperatures have gone down ( ice age is coming again ) or it was just one of the coldest year or hottest year in last 80 or 100 years. (I don’t have access to that record). A human life span is 100 years. All one has to worry is about 100 years. Opponents of climate change theory have almost half of this period left…

A study conducted at University of Bristol published in Biology Letters assumes that Charles Darwin may have been wrong when he argued that competition was the major driving force http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-11063939 However I have never studied evolution myself so I can’t have firm scientific opinion for or against this observation or interpretation . My observation is that its the second best which survives the struggle for existence. The best and biggest reptiles their times became extinct (smaller reptiles survived). The mammals ( perhaps the second best)…

Salt resistant plants are able to exclude Na+ in a selective manner from their plasma membrane during initial phase of salinity which is encountered during first phase . Cell membranes are selectively permeable and can undertake transport of ions against the gradient. When the plants encounter salinity , a signal is percieved in plants and they try to accummulate osmolytes to balance the higher concentraions outside the call cytoplasm and also undertake exclusion of Sodium through cell membrane . ATPase plays an important role in this process as demonstrated by Professor Dr Sven Schubert and…

Nature has well knit system of biodiversity. Microbes that thrive on dead organic matter and decompose it to its elements are a sort of sanitary inspectors of nature. Dead animals, plants, organic food remains are acted upon by such microbes. Due to their differential activity on organic food they have also been tamed to undertake selective degradation, up gradation modification of food items turning them into cheese, vinegar, alcohol etc. Other microbes are helpful in nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, and mineralization of elements. Nitrogen fixing bacteria in symbiotic and non…

Perhaps the botanists are too week to put their case forward as no interest groups support their voice while environmentalist are supported by different lobbies. The voice of botanists are not heard Petrochemicals have big money and so do the environmentalist. Its common fashion to establish NGO on environmental issue once you retire from plum posts, get lands allotted as you are well connected and your colleagues help you out, ask and get great funds from UN bodies or other International support organisations. Its big buisness. I wish International support organisations should ask…

To protect human life there are laws in every corner of the world. Plant life is cheap. One should undersand if plants are gone entire human population will be gone. When plant life is to be protected the environmental laws are new to the law makers. When goat eats away your crop or a cow eats away or rojdas (Blue bulls) destroy your crop or insects eat away your crop as hoards of them swarm on it in minutes time, which law provides protection. about goats eating away your crop or for that matter holy cow or rojdas or stray sheeps and wild animals. If this could happen in farm raised…

There are several levels of climate change. The tree standing on the hills near my house has suffered from a disease caused due to pollution. Termites are affecting yield . Grass in my garden has gone dry because there was not enough water in taps. The plants have died and attacked by termites and environment of my house has become warm as compared to the public garden 10km away. Hills have become barren. As they surround my city of Jaipur on all the sides they act like reflectors and heat up in summers to an extent that temperatures rise over 15 degrees. All the rainwater falling during…

Earth is a finite structure. Human beings are part of flora and fauna on this earth. Earth was not created for one species only . It was not human species. Millions of plants, animals, insects, birds and billions of microbes make climate and microclimate. Man and life is facilitated on the earth by PLANTS as they takeup the carbondioxide and release oxygen. Earth is a living system in a sense that it has power to absorb and recycle carbon, nitrogen, and other mineral elements etc. Organic matter must be decomposed by microbes and and elements thus released must be refixed by plants to…

The basic difference which I have seen in rich nations and poor nations ( its obvious world wide) is the vegetation, health food habits and attitude. Health and wealth both are there . Its the rich vegetation which supports both. India was a rich country in vedic times. People were dependent on vegetables. Its happening in rich nations even today People are dependent on vegetables. Forests cover are thick and major. Forests are maintained and not destroyed . A rich body can harbour a rich mind and produce a disease free children. Most of the rich nations dont eat fried food like samosa and…